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🪙 加密貨幣

一種由密碼學保護並記錄在區塊鏈上的數位貨幣。

加密貨幣

加密貨幣是一種利用密碼學技術保護並記錄在區塊鏈上的數位貨幣。它沒有中央發行機構、沒有政府擔保,也沒有實體形式。比特幣於2009年推出,是第一個加密貨幣。以太坊於2015年推出,增加了智慧合約功能。如今,市值已達數千種,總市值從1000億美元到超過3兆美元不等。

技術才是關鍵。區塊鏈是由電腦網路維護的分散式帳本。交易透過共識機制驗證,而非銀行。這使得交易難以審查或撤銷。這也使得區塊鏈在投機、非法支付和跨境轉帳方面極具吸引力。其波動性極大。比特幣曾在一年內漲跌80%甚至更多。

監理尚不明朗。美國出於稅收目的將比特幣視為財產,並將交易所視為貨幣服務企業進行監管。美國證券交易委員會已起訴多家加密貨幣公司,認為它們的代幣屬於未註冊證券。歐盟已採納《加密資產市場條例》(Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation)。中國已禁止交易和挖礦。各國的監理規定差異很大。

加密貨幣確實有實際用途。它實現了無需銀行的支付、低成本匯款和可編程貨幣。但它也助長了詐欺、勒索軟體和洗錢活動。技術本身是中立的,但其用途卻並非如此。

Comments (6)

  1. Ken M.
    The volatility is what keeps most people away. Who wants to buy coffee with something that might be worth double tomorrow?
  2. Roger M.
    The volatility is what keeps most people away. Who wants to buy coffee with something that might be worth double tomorrow?
  3. Dr. Pat Hoffman
    Blockchain technology is interesting but most cryptocurrencies are speculative investments at this point.
  4. Tina S.
    Blockchain technology is interesting but most cryptocurrencies are speculative investments at this point.
  5. Gwen Taylor
    The environmental impact of mining is a real concern that doesn't get enough attention.
  6. Omar F.
    The environmental impact of mining is a real concern that doesn't get enough attention.

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