A form of grafting in which a bud is inserted into another plant.
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Budding is a form of grafting in which a single bud from one plant, the scion, is inserted into the bark or stem of another plant, the rootstock, so that the resulting shoot grows from that bud. It is widely used in fruit-tree propagation, particularly for apples, pears, peaches, plums, cherries, roses, and citrus, because it is faster and requires less scion wood than whole-branch grafting. The technique dates back centuries; the ancient Romans practised a form of budding, and it was refined in European nurseries in the 18th and 19th centuries. Common methods include T-budding (shield budding), chip budding, and patch budding, each suited to different species and seasons. The best time is usually late summer when the bark slips easily and buds are mature. After insertion, the bud is tied with tape or rubber band; the following spring the rootstock above the bud is cut back to force the new shoot. Budding enables clonal propagation, disease avoidance, and the combination of desirable scion and rootstock traits.
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