🤝Acculturation

The process of cultural change resulting from contact between societies.

🔪Acheulean

A stone tool industry characterized by large hand axes.

🌾Agriculture

The intensive cultivation of crops and livestock for subsistence or trade.

🌲Animism

The belief that natural objects and phenomena possess spiritual essence.

🛠️Applied Anthropology

The use of anthropological methods to solve practical problems.

⛏️Archaeology

The study of past human societies through material remains.

🔨Artifact

An object made or modified by humans, often studied by archaeologists.

🫂Assimilation

The absorption of a minority group into the dominant culture.

🦍Australopithecus

An early hominin genus that lived in Africa over three million years ago.

🏕️Band Society

A small egalitarian foraging group typically of related families.

↔️Bilateral Descent

A kinship system tracing ancestry through both parents' lines.

🦶Bipedalism

The ability to walk upright on two legs, a key hominin trait.

👑Chiefdom

A ranked society led by a chief with inherited authority.

🛖Clan

A kinship group claiming descent from a common ancestor or totem.

⚖️Cultural Relativism

The principle that a culture should be understood on its own terms.

🌍Culture

The shared beliefs, practices, and artifacts that characterize a human group.

💻Digital Anthropology

The study of how digital technologies shape human culture and society.

🫀Emic Perspective

An insider's view of a culture, using its own categories.

💒Endogamy

The rule requiring marriage within a specific social group.

🌿Ethnobotany

The study of how people use and classify plants.

🙈Ethnocentrism

Judging other cultures by the standards of one's own culture.

📓Ethnography

The systematic study of people and cultures through immersive fieldwork.

🔤Ethnolinguistics

The study of how language relates to culture and social life.

💊Ethnomedicine

The study of traditional medical beliefs and practices across cultures.

🐾Ethology

The study of animal behavior, especially in natural conditions.

🔬Etic Perspective

An outsider's analytical view of a culture using external categories.

💍Exogamy

The rule requiring marriage outside one's own social group.

⛺Fieldwork

Firsthand research conducted in the natural setting of the people studied.

🧚Folklore

The traditional beliefs, stories, and customs passed down orally.

🍇Foraging

A subsistence strategy based on hunting, fishing, and gathering wild plants.