Social research is the systematic study of social phenomena. It uses methods like surveys, interviews, experiments, and observation to answer questions about society. It is not just opinion. It follows rules of evidence, logic, and ethics.

Social research can be quantitative or qualitative. Quantitative research uses numbers and statistics. Qualitative research uses words, images, and narratives. Mixed methods combine both. Each approach has strengths and limits. The best research often uses more than one method.

Steps in social research

• Define the question
• Review existing literature
• Choose a method
• Collect data
• Analyze and interpret
• Report findings

Ethics are central. Researchers must protect subjects from harm, obtain informed consent, and maintain confidentiality. They must also be honest about limitations. Social research cannot prove everything. But it can challenge myths and inform policy.