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〰️ 斷層線

地殼中岩體移動所造成的裂縫。

斷層線

岩石並非總是彎曲；有時它們會斷裂。斷層線是岩體沿其相對滑動而形成的裂縫在地表留下的痕跡。這種滑動可能是突然的，引發地震；也可能是緩慢的蠕動。

斷層依滑動方向分為正斷層、逆斷層和走滑斷層。聖安德烈亞斯斷層是太平洋板塊和北美板塊之間著名的走滑斷層邊界。斷層崖、錯位河流和線性山谷通常是地形上活動斷層的位置標誌。

工程師會盡可能避免在活躍斷層線上直接建造關鍵結構。地震學家會在斷層上安裝儀器來測量應變累積。繪製斷層線圖是評估任何地區地震災害的基本任務。

Comments (3)

  1. Grace Kim
    Living in California, fault lines are just part of life. You learn to secure your shelves and not panic over every small tremor.
  2. Robert Ashford
    The article explains the geology well but I think people underestimate how many fault lines exist that aren't famous ones like San Andreas.
  3. Nadia F.
    Can a fault line be inactive for centuries and then suddenly move? That idea kind of terrifies me.

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