断层线 — 地理 — LexiconDream

〰️ 断层线

地壳中岩体移动造成的裂缝。

岩石并非总是弯曲；有时它们会断裂。断层线是岩体沿其相对滑动而形成的裂缝在地表留下的痕迹。这种滑动可能是突然的，引发地震；也可能是缓慢的蠕动。

断层根据滑动方向分为正断层、逆断层和走滑断层。圣安德烈亚斯断层是太平洋板块和北美板块之间著名的走滑断层边界。断层崖、错位河流和线性山谷通常是地貌上活动断层的位置标志。

工程师会尽可能避免在活跃断层线上直接建造关键结构。地震学家会在断层上安装仪器来测量应变积累。绘制断层线图是评估任何地区地震灾害的一项基本任务。

Comments (3)

Grace Kim August 25, 2026

Living in California, fault lines are just part of life. You learn to secure your shelves and not panic over every small tremor.
Robert Ashford May 25, 2026

The article explains the geology well but I think people underestimate how many fault lines exist that aren't famous ones like San Andreas.
Nadia F. December 14, 2025

Can a fault line be inactive for centuries and then suddenly move? That idea kind of terrifies me.