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📨 信使RNA

携带遗传信息从DNA传递到核糖体的RNA。

信使RNA

基因中的信息必须从细胞核传递到蛋白质合成机制。信使RNA(mRNA)是携带编码序列的中间分子。它由DNA转录而来,经过加工处理后,由核糖体进行翻译。

真核生物的mRNA在5′端加上5′帽和poly-A尾,并经过剪接去除内含子。成熟的mRNA包含一个连续的开放阅读框。其丰度和半衰期有助于控制蛋白质的产量。

现代疫苗和疗法利用合成的mRNA来指导细胞制造特定的蛋白质。研究人员通过测量mRNA水平来确定哪些基因处于活跃状态。这种分子虽然短暂存在,但却是遗传信息传递的关键环节。

Comments (3)

  1. Dr. Ellen K.
    mRNA vaccines put this molecule in the spotlight but mRNA has been studied for decades. The COVID vaccines were built on years of prior research.
  2. Phil N.
    So mRNA is basically a copy of DNA instructions that gets sent to the ribosome? The article explains it well.
  3. Sara J.
    The fact that mRNA is transient is important. It delivers the message and then degrades. It doesn't stick around.

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