🚜Combine harvester

A machine that reaps, threshes, and cleans grain in one pass.

🤝Companion planting

Growing certain plants together for mutual benefit in pest control.

🍂Compost

Decayed organic matter used as a nutrient-rich soil amendment.

〰️Contour plowing

Plowing across a slope following its elevation contour lines.

🌿Cover crop

A crop planted to protect and enrich the soil between main crops.

🌾Crop

A plant cultivated by humans for food, fiber, fuel, or other useful products.

🔄Crop rotation

The practice of growing different crops in sequence on the same land.

📊Crop yield

The measure of the amount of crop produced per unit of land.

🔄Cross-pollination

The transfer of pollen between flowers of different plants.

🏜️Desertification

The process by which fertile land becomes desert, often from overuse.

🚰Drainage

The removal of excess water from soil or farmland.

💧Drip irrigation

A system that delivers water directly to plant roots drop by drop.

☀️Drought

An extended period of abnormally low rainfall affecting crops.

🪱Earthworm

A soil-dwelling worm that improves soil structure and fertility.

🌊Erosion

The wearing away of topsoil by wind, water, or tillage.

🟫Fallow

Farmland left unplanted for a season to restore its fertility.

🏡Farm

An area of land used for growing crops or raising animals.

💰Farm subsidy

A government payment to farmers to support production or income.

👨‍🌾Farmer

A person who owns or manages a farm and cultivates land.

🧪Fertilizer

A substance added to soil to supply nutrients essential for plant growth.

🌾Field

An open area of land used for growing crops or grazing.

🌊Flood

An overflow of water that can drown crops and erode soil.

🌊Flood irrigation

A method of watering crops by flooding the field with water.

🌷Floriculture

The cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for markets.

🐴Fodder

Food given to domesticated animals, especially hay or straw.

🌾Forage

Plant material eaten by grazing livestock, such as grass or hay.

❄️Frost

A freezing condition that can damage or kill sensitive crops.

🍄Fungicide

A substance used to kill or inhibit fungal growth on crops.

➖Furrow

A long narrow trench made in the ground for planting or irrigation.

🌱Germination

The process by which a seed develops into a new plant.