❄️Endothermic Reaction

A reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings.

🔥Enthalpy

The total heat content of a system at constant pressure.

🌀Entropy

A measure of the disorder or randomness of a system.

🔥Exothermic Reaction

A reaction that releases heat to its surroundings.

🚪Facilitated Diffusion

Passive transport of molecules across a membrane with the help of carrier proteins.

🧻Filtration

A technique that separates solids from liquids using a porous barrier.

🔧Functional Group

A specific group of atoms responsible for a molecule's characteristic reactions.

⚡Gibbs Free Energy

A thermodynamic quantity predicting whether a reaction is spontaneous.

⛽Hydrocarbon

An organic compound made only of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

💧Hydrogen Bond

A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and an electronegative atom.

🔥Infrared Spectroscopy

A method that identifies functional groups by their vibrational absorption.

🪨Inorganic Compound

A compound generally lacking carbon-hydrogen bonds.

⚡Ion

An atom or molecule with a net electrical charge.

🧲Ionic Bond

A bond formed by the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

🔀Isomer

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structures.

🔀Isotope

Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons.

🔄Le Chatelier's Principle

A rule predicting how equilibrium shifts when conditions change.

🧈Lipid

A group of organic compounds including fats, oils, and waxes.

⚖️Mass Spectrometry

An analytical technique that identifies molecules by their mass-to-charge ratio.

🧱Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space, made of atoms and molecules.

🔩Metallic Bond

A bond in metals where electrons are delocalized across a lattice.

🥣Mixture

A combination of substances that are not chemically bonded together.

⚖️Molar Mass

The mass of one mole of a substance expressed in grams per mole.

🧪Molarity

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution.

🔢Mole

The amount of substance containing 6.022 times 10 to the 23 particles.

🔗Molecule

A group of two or more atoms bonded together chemically.

🔗Monomer

A small molecule that can bond to form a polymer.

⚖️Neutralization

A reaction between an acid and a base producing salt and water.

⚪Neutron

A neutral subatomic particle found in the atomic nucleus.

🧲Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

A technique that uses magnetic fields to determine molecular structure.