Goods crossing borders face inspection and duty. Customs is the government authority responsible for controlling the flow of goods into and out of a country, collecting duties and taxes, and enforcing import and export regulations.

Ships submit manifests and declarations before or on arrival. Customs officers may board, examine cargo, and clear the vessel for discharge or loading. Smuggling, misdeclaration, and prohibited goods are enforcement priorities. Clearance from customs is usually required before cargo can leave the port area.

Delays in customs processing affect the whole logistics chain. Electronic pre-arrival systems have reduced paperwork in many ports, yet physical examinations still occur. Accurate documentation and cooperation with the ship’s agent speed the process.

• Authority controlling imports, exports, and duties
• Inspects ships, cargo, and declarations
• Grants clearance for cargo movement
• Enforces trade and prohibition rules