A phrase is a musical unit that feels complete or relatively complete, analogous to a clause or sentence in language. Phrases are usually a few measures long and often end with a cadence that provides a sense of arrival.

Performers shape phrases with dynamics, articulation, and subtle timing so that the music breathes. A well-shaped phrase has direction toward its high point and a satisfying release. Composers construct larger forms by combining and contrasting phrases.

Recognizing phrase structure helps both performers and listeners understand the architecture of a piece. In singing and wind playing the length of a phrase is often related to the natural breath. String players and pianists create the illusion of breathing through bow changes and hand gestures.

• Musical unit similar to a sentence
• Usually ends with a cadence
• Shaped by performers for expression
• Building block of larger forms