Not all freight costs the same to handle and haul. Freight class is a categorization used primarily in less-than-truckload shipping that groups commodities by density, stowability, handling characteristics, and liability.

In North America the National Motor Freight Classification assigns classes from 50 to 500. Lower classes generally apply to dense, easily handled goods; higher classes apply to light, bulky, or fragile items. Carriers use class, weight, and distance to calculate base rates.

Incorrect classification leads to re-billing and disputes. Shippers verify density and packaging to defend the classes they claim. Understanding freight class helps companies design packaging and order profiles that keep transportation costs predictable.

• Commodity grouping for LTL pricing
• Based on density, stowability, handling, and liability
• Determines base freight rates with weight and distance
• Must be accurate to avoid reclassification charges