👨‍💻Hacker

Someone who explores or exploits computer systems, legally or illegally.

#️⃣Hash Function

A function that maps data to a fixed-size value for integrity checks.

🚨Incident Response

The process of handling and mitigating a security breach.

🔍Intrusion Detection System

A system that monitors networks for malicious activity or policy violations.

🛑Intrusion Prevention System

A system that detects and actively blocks network threats.

⌨️Keylogger

Software or hardware that records keystrokes to steal data.

↔️Lateral Movement

Moving through a network to reach additional systems after compromise.

🔽Least Privilege

Granting users only the minimum access needed to do their jobs.

📜Log Analysis

Examining system logs to detect anomalies and security events.

🦠Malware

Software designed to damage, disrupt, or gain unauthorized access.

🔐Multi-Factor Authentication

Using two or more verification methods to confirm identity.

🧩Network Segmentation

Dividing a network into smaller parts to limit access and damage.

🔑Password

A secret string used to authenticate a user's identity.

🩹Patch

A software update that fixes bugs or security vulnerabilities.

📋Patch Management

The process of managing and applying software updates.

📦Payload

The malicious code delivered by an exploit or attack.

🧪Penetration Testing

Authorized simulated attacks to find security weaknesses.

🎣Phishing

A fraudulent attempt to obtain sensitive data by posing as a trusted entity.

📞Pretexting

Creating a fabricated scenario to obtain information from a target.

⬆️Privilege Escalation

Gaining higher access rights than originally granted.

🔁Proxy Server

An intermediary server that relays requests between clients and servers.

🏗️Public Key Infrastructure

A framework for managing digital certificates and public-key encryption.

🟣Purple Team

A collaborative effort between red and blue teams to improve security.

🔒Ransomware

Malware that encrypts files and demands payment for their release.

🔴Red Team

A group that simulates attacks to test an organization's defenses.

🎲Risk

The potential for loss or damage when a threat exploits a vulnerability.

⚖️Risk Assessment

The process of identifying and evaluating potential security risks.

🪵Rootkit

Malware that hides its presence and gains privileged access.

🛡️Security

The state of being protected from danger, risk, or attack.

📊Security Information and Event Management

A system that aggregates and analyzes security logs and alerts.