A whistleblower is a person who exposes information about illegal, unethical, or dangerous activities within an organisation to the public or to authorities. Whistleblowers are often employees or former employees.

Whistleblowing is protected by law in many countries, such as the US Whistleblower Protection Act and the EU Whistleblower Directive, to encourage reporting without fear of retaliation. It plays a critical role in accountability, public safety, and democracy, though whistleblowers often face personal and professional risks.

Key points

• Exposes wrongdoing in an organisation
• Often an employee
• Protected by law in many countries
• Plays a role in accountability