Every place occupies a unique position on Earth’s surface. Location can be described in absolute terms, using coordinates of latitude and longitude, or in relative terms, by reference to other places or features.

Absolute location remains fixed; relative location changes with perspective and with the development of transport and communication. Site refers to the local physical characteristics of a location; situation describes its position relative to surrounding areas and networks.

Geographers study how location influences opportunities and constraints—access to resources, exposure to hazards, connectivity to markets. In a globalized world relative location can shift rapidly as new routes and technologies appear. Precise location information now underpins logistics, emergency response, and everyday navigation.

• Position of a place on Earth’s surface
• Described absolutely or relatively
• Includes site and situation aspects
• Influences economic and social possibilities