Some cargo can harm people, property, or the environment if released. Hazmat, short for hazardous materials, refers to substances that require special classification, packaging, labeling, and handling during transport.

Regulations divide hazmat into classes such as flammable liquids, corrosives, and toxic substances. Drivers and handlers need specific training and certification. Vehicles display placards, and shipping papers must describe the materials in prescribed formats. Routing restrictions and quantity limits apply on certain roads and tunnels.

Incidents involving hazmat trigger emergency response protocols and potential liability. Shippers remain responsible for correct classification even when carriers perform the physical move. Compliance is non-negotiable; the cost of getting it wrong far exceeds the cost of doing it right.

• Hazardous materials requiring special transport controls
• Classified, packaged, labeled, and placarded by rule
• Handled only by trained personnel
• Subject to routing and quantity restrictions